top of page
Cultural Learning

Navratri Celebrations Across India: Garbha and Dandiya: The Heart of Navratri Celebrations in Gujarat

Updated: Oct 5

During Navratri, two traditional dances take center stage: Garbha and Dandiya Raas. These dances not only showcase the rich cultural heritage of India but also bring communities together in joyous celebration. This is considered the longest dance festival! 


Dedicated to the worship of Goddess Durga, who symbolizes the triumph of good over evil both the dance forms have a significant meaning and connection to the festival other than the joy and color they add to it. 


Durga’s Triumph: The Legend of Mahishasura and the Power of Shakti

Navratri, finds its roots in the powerful legend of King Mahishasura. An ardent devotee of Lord Brahma, Mahishasura sought a boon that would grant him immortality. Since, total immortality couldn't be granted instead Brahma allowed Mahishasura to wish for an alternative. In his cunning, Mahishasura asked to be killed only by an unborn woman, believing that this would make him invincible.


With no one to fear, Mahishasura grew arrogant and began wreaking havoc, causing immense destruction across the 3 worlds. His arrogance knew no bounds as he even threatened Indra, the king of the heavens. Disturbed by the chaos, Indra and the other gods sought help from the Holy Trinity—Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. However, the boon granted by Brahma restricted their direct intervention.


To overcome this challenge, the Trinity combined their divine energies and invoked Goddess Durga, a powerful and fierce manifestation of the feminine divine. For nine days and nights, the fearless Goddess fought Mahishasura in an epic battle. On the tenth day, Goddess Durga triumphed, slaying Mahishasura and restoring peace and order. This day marks the celebration of Vijayadashami or Dussehra, symbolizing the victory of good over evil.


Goddess Durga's victory earned her the revered title of Mahishasura Mardini—the destroyer of Mahishasura. Navratri is celebrated in honor of this victory, with each day dedicated to a different form of the Goddess. It’s a time of devotion, celebration, and reflection on the divine feminine power that triumphs over darkness.


This victory of Goddess Durga over Mahishasura is a powerful reminder of the divine feminine energy—Shakti—which is celebrated throughout Navratri.


The Forms of Goddess Durga

Throughout Navratri, Goddess Durga is worshiped in various forms, each representing different aspects of femininity and divinity. The nine forms, known as the Navadurga, are:

  1. Shailaputri: The daughter of the mountains, symbolizing nature and strength.

  2. Brahmacharini: The ascetic form representing purity and devotion.

  3. Chandraghanta: The warrior goddess who fights evil and brings peace.

  4. Kushmanda: The creator of the universe, symbolizing prosperity.

  5. Skandamata: The mother of Lord Skanda, representing maternal love and compassion.

  6. Durga: The fierce protector who combats the buffalo demon Mahishasura.

  7. Mahakali: The form representing time, creation, and destruction.

  8. Mahagauri: The embodiment of purity and serenity.

  9. Sidhidhatri: The goddess who grants success and fulfillment of wishes.


Each of these forms is honored on specific days during Navratri, allowing devotees to connect with the divine feminine in their own ways.


The Significance of Garbha

Garbha, the Sanskrit word which literally translates to the "womb",  is a devotional dance performed around a sacred pot, known as the Garbo Deep, which symbolizes the womb and celebrates motherhood. The pot contains a lamp, representing the fetus inside the womb. As participants dance in a circle around the Garbo Deep, they embody the cycle of life, honoring the divine feminine energy.

  • Symbolism and Movement: The movements in Garba are fluid and rhythmic, emphasizing connection with the earth and the divine. The circular dance symbolizes the universe's cyclical nature, leaving the divine unmoved and invincible.


  • Devotional Aspect: Traditionally performed before the Arti (a ritual of worship), Garba is infused with chants and bhajans sung in praise of the Goddess. This dance has a profound devotional appeal, allowing participants to express their love and reverence for Goddess Durga.


The Thrill of Dandiya Raas

Dandiya Raas is a high-energy dance that reenacts the fierce battle between Goddess Durga and the demon Mahishasura. This dance form involves participants wielding wooden sticks called dandiya, which symbolize the weapons of the Goddess.

  • Energetic Battle: The sound of the dholak (a traditional drum) fills the air, reminiscent of the battlefield as dancers move energetically. The beat creates an exhilarating atmosphere, encouraging everyone to join in the fun.


  • Cultural Expression: Dandiya Raas typically follows Garba and lasts late into the night. It’s a dance that celebrates community spirit and unity, as men and women come together in joyful revelry.



A Unique Cultural Fusion

An interesting aspect of Navratri is its significance beyond the Hindu community. In Gujarat, the festival also plays a vital role in the lives of the Muslim community, particularly in the Godhra district. Many artisans create beautifully crafted Dandiya sticks, with each maker producing over 50,000 sticks annually. This collaborative effort reflects the festival's diversity and its importance as a means of livelihood for many families. Navratri is known not just for its colorful lehenga cholis, song, and dance but also for its sense of unity among different communities. The festive atmosphere is marked by a beautiful mix of traditions, showcasing the cultural richness of Gujarat.


Garbha and Dandiya are not merely dances; they represent the essence of Navratri—a celebration of Bhakti (devotion) and Shakti (strength). These traditions bring people together, transcending boundaries and fostering a sense of community. Whether you are a participant or a spectator, Navratri in Gujarat offers a unique experience filled with joy, color, and cultural heritage.

コメント


bottom of page